The life of NC Spiral Cutter is affected by a combination of factors.
1. Characteristics of tool materials
The hardness, toughness and wear resistance of the tool material itself are the basic factors that determine its life. For example, cemented carbide materials have high hardness, can withstand large cutting forces, and are not easy to deform during the cutting process, so that the tool can maintain good cutting performance for a long time. Although high-speed steel tools have good toughness, they have relatively low hardness and will wear faster when cutting harder materials. The microstructure of the tool material is also important. A uniform and dense grain structure helps to improve the tool's wear resistance.
2. Selection of cutting parameters
Cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth are key cutting parameters. Excessive cutting speed will increase the friction between the tool and the workpiece, generate a lot of heat, cause the tool material to soften, and thus accelerate wear. Similarly, excessive feed rate and cutting depth will increase the cutting force, make the tool bear a greater load, and easily cause edge cracking or excessive wear. Reasonable cutting parameters should be determined based on factors such as the nature of the material being processed, the tool material, and the performance of the machine tool.
3. Properties of the processed material
The hardness, toughness and viscosity of the processed material have a significant impact on the tool life. For example, when processing high-hardness alloy steel, the tool wears much faster than when processing ordinary carbon steel. This is because high-hardness materials have a stronger abrasive effect on the tool edge. When processing materials with greater viscosity (such as some aluminum alloys), the material is easy to adhere to the tool surface, forming a built-up edge, which affects the normal operation of the cutting edge and thus reduces the tool life.
4. Tool geometry and coating
The geometric shape parameters of the NC Spiral Cutter, such as the helix angle and edge radius, affect the distribution of cutting force and chip removal. The appropriate helix angle helps to reduce cutting force, make the cutting process smoother, and reduce tool wear. Tool coating can improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and lubricity of the tool. For example, the NC Spiral Cutter with TiN (titanium nitride) coating has an improved surface hardness, which can effectively reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece during the cutting process, thereby extending the tool life.
5. Processing environment and cooling and lubrication conditions
During the processing, if there is no good cooling and lubrication, the heat generated by the friction between the tool and the workpiece cannot be dissipated in time, which will accelerate the wear of the tool. In addition, if impurities such as dust and chips in the processing environment enter the cutting area between the tool and the workpiece, it will also cause wear and scratches on the tool surface.
